ABSTRACT
Indonesia has a strategic role in geographical, political, economic, socio-cultural, defense, and international security strata. Indonesia has a tropical ecosystem with an abundance of natural resources, flora, fauna, ethnic diversity, mega-diversity, and natural beauty. Development and economic growth are multiplying but are still based on resource-based development. The Covid-19 pandemic caused a world economic recession, as economic growth declined sharply;unemployment increases, exports decline, investment decreases, purchasing power decreases, poverty, and economic uncertainty. Developing and emerging countries with weak access to technology and health have been particularly affected. All sectors of the Indonesian economy experienced a decline, except for the agricultural industry, which grew slightly positive. This paper discusses the role of an integrated bio-cycle system in household socio-economic resilience and management of tropical natural resources in the Covid and post-Covid era. Covid-19 has changed our thinking from resource extraction to resource efficiency, technological innovation, e-commerce, zero waste, and product safety. Food commodities, frozen food, biopharmaceuticals, non-timber forest products, and immune-enhancing foods have increased in demand during the Covid-19 pandemic, followed by changes in consumption, production, and distribution patterns. The pandemic has resulted in a relaxation of pressure on the earth's environment because almost all business, industrial, school, government, social, and transportation activities are locked down. Tropical ecosystems can be rapidly recovering and healing because they are supported by high rainfall, temperature, humidity, and organic cycles throughout the year. A new paradigm of knowledge-based development through the empowerment of natural resources must be developed more innovative, more global, more focused, and more futuristic for sustainable development after the Covid-19 era. Household economic resilience with an integrated bio-cycle system can withstand Covid-19. Management of land and living resources based on natural nature is intended to harmonize added value to the environment, economic, socio-cultural, and health aspects. This integrated farming system has a multi-functional and multi-product that is conservative productive to change consumer behavior and technology disruption. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The Coronavirus-19 (Covid-19) disease pandemic has caused a widespread, tragic, human, and life disaster and reduced the activity of billions of people on this earth. However, it has also been able to heal the earth's environment in our universe. The decline in human activity has resulted in a sharp reduction in pollution and marked clean air. This effect is far more dramatic than any systematic anthropogenic effort to reduce the impact of emissions. Air pollution caused by human activities has been relatively halted so that a clear, healthy blue sky is felt again. The pollution index, air quality, and the earth's environment are getting better. This condition further proves that the destruction of the earth and global warming is 95% due to human greed as a leader on this earth. Tropical ecosystems have a high and optimal temperature, sunlight intensity, rainfall, and organic cycles throughout the year, so they have the world's highest growth rate and biodiversity. However, the bio-economic value is still meager due to the local community's socio-economic pressure, and it has not been managed professionally. An integrated organic-cycle cultivation system based on the universe's nature could have superior bio-economic prospects in managing tropical natural resources cured by Covid-19. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Indonesia has extensive tropical forests and is one of the mega biodiversity countries due to its fertile soils, rainfall, temperature, humidity, climate, and optimum organic cycle throughout the year. Nevertheless, despite the high potential of food diversity and productivity, the level of food security and sovereignty is relatively low. The COVID-19 pandemic has put world food supply and security at risk, threatening many developing nations and countries that rely mostly on the global food market. Likewise, Indonesia also depends on its staple food supply on the vulnerable world rice market, which becomes a serious issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the differences in paradigm and management often cause conflicts between the agriculture and forestry sectors. Extensification, intensification, and diversification of food production in forestlands should play an essential role in supporting food security and sovereignty, as well as overcoming hunger and malnutrition. Agroforestry systems serve to bridge agriculture and forestry interests to promote food security during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tropical forests play a role in supporting living systems, diverse food providers, nutrition providers, food price stability, forests for food, access to food, and community involvement in food. However, they also face broad challenges, ranging from political will, food prices, extension services, food paradigms, deforestation, forest conversion, technology research, market support, to food culture. This chapter discusses the role of Indonesia’s tropical forests in supporting food security and sovereignty in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Destruction of the earth and global climate change has now become a painful reality. Excessive exploitation of natural resources up to 1.7 times beyond the earth’s carrying capacity and contrary to nature-based development makes the dark future earth. Our earth, which is 4.5 billion years old, has been inhabited by around 7.3 billion people. The present and future population explosion require a giant leap to provide sufficient food to sustain life on earth. Lack of food, water, and energy supplies has triggered new widespread conflicts throughout the world. Located in tropical ecosystems, Indonesia is one of the megadiverse nations with the highest biological productivity in the world. However, these advantages are coming with a significant challenge. Having all of those natural potentials, Indonesia holds a crucial responsibility in global life cycle equilibration, not only in terms of environmental issues, such as climate change and biodiversity, but also a socio-economy-cultural issue. Therefore, balance management is needed to utilize the resources while preserving them for generations ahead wisely. Moreover, the challenge is even more significant with the COVID-19 pandemic, which hit the all-economy sector in the real world. In combination with the COVID-19 pandemic, global climate change could somehow obstruct the food sovereignty program that the Indonesian government has formulated. However, with solid food security and sovereignty system integrated from upstream to downstream, Indonesia could build a strong foundation for national food sovereignty. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe human suffering and substantial damage to life throughout the world. The lockdown caused by COVID-19 also significantly impacted three main elements in UGM education processes, including teaching, research, and community service, where most of their activities involving a large group of people, field, and outdoor programs. Innovation in learning, research, and community service without mobility from home is needed to overcome the impact of Covid-19. Methods of internet-based learning, research, and community service must be established during the pandemic to generate a reliable yet efficient blended program that can accommodate their outcomes. This paper will generally look at the initiative and strategy taken by UGM in planning and developing a sustainable research-based learning and community services. It is based on integrated research-based learning and community service, which integrates former individual education, research, and community service programs. The policy of considering COVID-19 as an emergency at UGM has eliminated teaching and learning activities on campus and replaced them with online learning activities from home. The application of the Three-Centra Education concept, which consists of families, schools, and communities, is truly relevant for developing research-based learning and service programs. Besides, academic and non-academic atmospheres to support integrated education, research, and community service processes in universities in the current era must be developed under millennial students’ style. The millennial approach's adjustment is possible by developing tutoring systems through student-centered learning with the edutainment process that triggers the learning system to be more enjoyable, but the quality is still maintained. This quality of online learning during an emergency in UGM has been improved based on conducted surveys indicating that the advantages of online lectures, according to students, are its flexibility and relaxation;no preparation needed to visit campus;more courageous to ask questions during lecture;most materials are well documented for rereading;time and cost-efficient. Meanwhile, online learning disadvantages covered the fact that the lectures confused with online assignments that caused an excessive workload;the lecturers need to be more interactive and communicative;the schedule should not be frequently changed until later evening, and decrease concentration ability among students. University leaders, the academic community, including alumni, have been building solidarity, compassion, and empathy through food assistance, credit, academic fee reduction, non-bureaucratic procedures for students affected by COVID-19. Co-learning system and work from home in the cyber campus 4.0 for the millennial student in the era of lockdown and destructive innovation with the support of sophisticated information technology and significant data access seems to be the most appropriate learning media. The empowerment online learning system must implement the principles of win–win solution, co-creation, co-finance, flexibility, and sustainability of the proposed programs to strengthen education's real meaning during this pandemic. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.